Diet is the most important component of gastritis treatment.Based on some characteristics of the disease, for example, acidity in the stomach, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet may vary in terms of what can or cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, drinks alcohol periodically, smokes and is subject to intense and frequent stress, they will inevitably develop a pathology such as gastritis.It is a disease that leads to inflammation of the gastric mucosa, compromising its integrity.As a result, a number of unpleasant symptoms appear, the main of which is sharp pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting appear, appetite decreases or disappears completely, which often leads to weight loss.Stomach gastritis comes in different forms, including those that can be caused by an infectious environment, but in any case, successful treatment requires a healthy diet.You should not only change your diet, decide what you can and cannot eat, but also change the very principles of eating, make it regulated with a stable menu for the whole week, dividing the entire amount of food into 5-6 meals.During an exacerbation, the diet must be stricter;In addition, there are some nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is possible and what is not allowed in gastritis?
The main differences in the diet will be determined by the acidity level.Which indicator is determined for a specific patient during diagnosis before therapy.
Increased acidity
With increased acidity, which occurs more frequently, it is necessary to follow three basic principles:
- Mechanic.Defines a ban on fried foods;in addition, coarse fibers such as bran bread, rutabaga, turnip and beef streaks are not allowed.
- Chemical.It states that it is necessary to avoid foods that promote the secretion of hydrochloric acid necessary for the digestion process, for example, soft drinks, alcohol and citrus fruits.In addition, concentrated rich broths based on meat and fish are prohibited.
- Thermal.It consists of consuming foods that have an ideal temperature, which is generally in the range of 16 to 55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hotter or colder, in gastritis this causes irritation of the esophagus, which leads to an increase in the duration of food absorption and, consequently, an increase in stress on the stomach.
If the stomach environment is characterized as acidic, then low-fat fish and meat, fermented dairy products and eggs, which can be served as an omelet or boiled, are suitable for nutrition.Also, the diet may contain peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes and so on.
Low acidity
A diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote greater release of enzymes that ensure digestion.To achieve this, it is also important to normalize the food intake procedure.This must be done slowly;It is important to spend at least half a minute chewing a portion of food, and the eating process should last at least half an hour.Significantly improves the secretion of hydrochloric acid when drinking lightly carbonated mineral water;you should always drink 200 ml of this water before meals.Various fruits and vegetables are allowed, which must be consumed immediately after finishing the meal, as snacking is not allowed in the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen light, assuming there is no hard fiber.To make the digestion process even easier, it is better to peel the fruits in advance and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has some benefits compared to high acidity.A small amount of chocolate products, light soups and broths, and river fish, mushrooms and lean meats, which include rabbit and veal, are acceptable.Dairy products are allowed, but it is best to avoid milk itself.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with some acidity you should not consume:
- To roast;
- chocolate products;
- Fried and spicy foods;
- Alcoholic drinks;
- Foods rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during an exacerbation - menu for the week
In case of an exacerbation, a compromise must be found and the body must receive all the necessary nutrients and microelements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucous membrane, which is so inflamed.In this situation, digestion needs to be helped as much as possible so that it happens very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all foods as much as possible and use only boiling or steaming for cooking.
It is important to make the prepared menu not only balanced and gentle, but also to strictly adhere to it, eating every day at well-defined times.The intervals between doses cannot be more than three hours, otherwise the stomach will empty and the exacerbation will only intensify.It cannot be transmitted, as it is fraught with gastric stagnation.At night, you should eat no more than three to four hours before bed.
Interestingly, during a period of exacerbation, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.However, the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you need to drink a lot of still water and barely brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.From the second day onwards, liquid porridge and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.Also, boiled eggs and non-concentrated soup with grated vegetables will be useful.When gastritis worsens, foods rich in fat should be completely excluded from the diet, as they break down very slowly.
Menu of the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- Breakfast with oatmeal and jam;
- The second time you can have breakfast with steamed cheesecakes;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, jam;
- Afternoon snack – cookies with light tea;
- Dinner - side dish of pasta with steamed lean meat cutlets, light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecakes and preserves;
- The second time you must have breakfast with a glass of jam;
- You need to have lunch with vegetable broth, steamed fish, gas mineral water;
- An afternoon snack of unsweetened light tea with white bread crackers is allowed;
- For dinner, curd casserole and jam.
Friday, Sun:
- You should have breakfast with eggs boiled for 5 to 6 minutes, washed down with jam;
- During the second breakfast, eat cheesecakes with tea;
- Lunch of vegetable stew, grated potato soup, jelly;
- Afternoon snack – a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should be fish cooked with porridge in water.
Diet #1 for gastritis
Diet #1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, as reestablishing normal digestion and not irritating the gastric mucosa is very important in the case of gastritis or if the individual has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the exacerbation phase of the disease has ended.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, as its presence negatively affects the condition of the inner surface of the stomach;Additionally, salt slows the removal of water from the body.
Diet #1 involves dividing your entire daily diet into five to six small portions.The total number of calories consumed cannot be more than 2,000.
Among the main dishes that should be part of diet no. 1 are:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Lean meats and fish without veins and other elements that are difficult to digest;
- Baked goods should be consumed yesterday, dry and also in the form of cookies.
In moderation, you can eat fermented dairy products, for example, cottage cheese, yogurt, skimmed milk.
Cannot be consumed in diet no. 1:
- Rye bread;
- Soups based on mushrooms and meat - you will have to give up okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup;
- Smoked products;
- Pickles;
- Fish and other canned foods.
Diet for erosive form
Gastritis is called erosive when the action of the disease causes gastric erosion, called an ulcer.Ulcer is a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, including, for example, peritonitis, when erosion of the wall gradually leads to a passage hole, resulting in the contents of the stomach entering the abdominal cavity.This situation is fraught with death without urgent surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion, along with the effect of Helicobacter Pylori infection, are exposure to substances or excessively acidic gastric juice.Therefore, in erosive gastritis, it is very important to eat properly to slow down and reverse the process of ulcer formation.
Here are the principles on which the diet should be based if the patient has erosive gastritis:
- The food consumed should minimally irritate the gastric wall and prevent an increase in acidity;
- You need to eat liquid, hot and pureed foods continuously.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Refusal of bad habits, seasonings, carbonated drinks;
- Vegetables must be cooked by heat treatment;
- The emphasis in nutrition should be placed on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
The atrophic form is relatively difficult to diagnose, as there are no symptoms in the initial phase of the pathology.Among the few signs of the disease is the presence of belching after fried foods and fatty foods, with a very unpleasant smell.In addition, the inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are a state of general weakness, brittle legs and hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis imposes serious restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.In your diet you should avoid:
- Black bakery products;bakery products;
- Smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any format;
- Peas, beans;
- canned food;
- Uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- Soft drinks, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Just like other gastritis diets, during the atrophic phase, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.To make food ready to eat, you can boil, steam or bake
With atrophic gastritis, it is important to eat:
- Soups based on grated vegetables;
- Various porridges on the water;
- Lean cooked meat, finely chopped;
- Skimmed milk derivatives;
- Boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, cookies;
- Heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can taste marmalade, jelly and mousse.